Patients with ischemic heart disease have always been of special concern for transfusion therapy. There are a number of observational studies showing that moderate to severe anemia in patients with cardiac disease is associated with adverse outcomes, including higher mortality rates. This observation correlates nicely with what we know about the unique aspects of the physiology of our beating hearts. While most tissues have the ability to extract more oxygen from the blood when demand increases, the heart muscle (myocardium) extracts near-maximal concentrations of oxygen under resting conditions. For that reason, the primary adaptive response to increased oxygen demand or decreased oxygen supply is to increase coronary artery blood flow. Continue reading
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Measurement and Research. Ms. Gammon is a nurse who is a passionate advocate of quality patient care, and she has played a central role in moving the Blood Management Performance Measures project from concept towards reality. While there have always been existing regulatory standards for 
an early proponent of all things blood management, especially autotransfusion (commonly referred to as “cell saver” or “cell salvage”). Dr. Potter was introduced to early versions of autotransfusion machines as a young Navy Corpsman during the Vietnam era. The Navy- Marine Corps team has always worked in austere environments, and the ability to retransfuse shed blood in a combat setting was a tremendous advance. Many combat ships and most forward medical aid stations did not have the ability to store blood products, so autotransfusion greatly enhanced the capabilities of the “walking blood bank.” Dr. Potter taught a generation of Navy anesthesiologists, including myself and Dr. Jonathan Waters, the benefits of autotransfusion as a tool in the blood management tool box. It is interesting to note that another Naval Medical Center San Diego alumnus, Dr. Carlos Brown from University Medical Center Brackenridge, just published a case series noting the safety and cost effectiveness of autotransfusion in trauma patients.1